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Psathyrella ammophila
''Psathyrella ammophila'' is a species of fungus in the family Psathyrellaceae and is found throughout Europe. Commonly known as the dune brittlestem, this agaric primarily grows on sand dunes near marram grass, feeding saprotrophically on the decaying roots. The season of growth is generally May to November.
''P. ammophila'' is variable in appearance, changing colour and shape during its lifespan. Initially bell-shaped and tan or pale brown, the cap gradually flattens and darkens, becoming dark brown with a depressed shape as it ages.
==Taxonomy==
''Psathyrella ammophila'' was first described in 1868 by Michel Charles Durieu de Maisonneuve and Joseph-Henri Léveillé in one of Durieu de Maisonneuve's publications on the flora and fauna of Algeria, ''Exploration scientifique de l'Algérie: Sciences naturelles, botanique''. They gave it the scientific name ''Agaricus ammophilus''. The species was identified and described a further five times under different names, until 1960, when the botanist P.D. Orton gave the definitive classification in the journal ''Transactions of the British Mycological Society'' (now ''Fungal Biology'').〔
The genus name ''Psathyrella'' is a diminutive form of ''Psathyra'', derived from the Greek word meaning "friable", ''psathuros'' (ψαθυρος). This name, like the common name brittlestem for many of the ''Psathyrella'' species, is related to the fragile nature of the cap and stem. The specific epithet ''ammophila'' originates from the Greek words ''ammos'' (ἄμμος), meaning sand, and ''phillia'' (ϕιλος), meaning lover, a reference to the mushroom's sand dune habitat.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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